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A shingle beach, also known as either a cobble beach or gravel beach, is a commonly narrow beach that is composed of coarse, loose, well-rounded, and waterworn gravel, called shingle. The gravel (shingle) typically consists of smooth, spheroidal to flattened, , cobbles, and sometimes small , generally in the size range. Shingle beaches typically have a steep slope on both their landward and seaward sides. Shingle beaches form in wave-dominated locations where resistant bedrock cliffs provide gravel-sized rock debris. They are also found in high latitudes and temperate shores where the erosion of Quaternary glacial deposits provide gravel-size rock fragments. This term is most widely used in Great Britain.Neuendorf, Klaus K.E. Mehl, James P., Jr. Jackson, Julia A., 2011. Glossary of Geology (5th Edition). American Geosciences Institute. Narayana, A. C., 2016. Coastal landforms. in Kennish, M.J., ed., pp. 143–157, Encyclopedia of Estuaries. Springer: Dordrecht, The Netherlands. McGraw-Hill, 2002. McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Earth Science (2nd edition). The McGraw-Hill Companies, New York.
While this type of beach is most commonly found in Europe, examples are also found in Bahrain, North America, and a number of other world regions, such as the west coast of New Zealand's South Island, where they are associated with the shingle fans of . Though created at shorelines, post-glacial rebound can raise shingle beaches as high as above sea level, as on the High Coast in Sweden.
The formed by this association of rock and sand allow colonization by a variety of rare species and endangered species. UK's rare shingle beaches at risk, Alex Kirby, BBC News Online, June 3, 2003
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